Renal Vein Thrombosis
Renal vein thrombosis occurs when a blood clot forms in one of the veins of the kidneys. This is a serious condition and as a result, the blood flow from the kidneys is reduced, causing decreased kidney function. While the cause of renal vein thrombosis is not always known, it may be caused by an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Additional causes may include trauma, severe dehydration, a tumor, or a blood disorder. In women, pregnancy or the use of estrogen may lead to renal vein thrombosis. Left untreated, renal vein thrombosis may lead to serious complications including permanent kidney failure.
Symptoms of Renal Vein Thrombosis
Some individuals may not experience any symptoms. In other cases, symptoms of renal vein thrombosis may include:
- Flank pain
- Lower back pain
- Blood in the urine
- Decreased urination
In some cases, the blood clot may travel to the lungs, or additional clots may form.
Diagnosis of Renal Vein Thrombosis
Renal vein thrombosis is diagnosed through a physical examination and a review of symptoms. Additional diagnostic tests may include:
- Urinalysis
- Blood tests
- Abdominal ultrasound
- Abdominal X-rays
- CT or MRI scan
A venography, or X-rays of the veins of the kidneys may also be performed to confirm a diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis.
Treatment of Renal Vein Thrombosis
Treatment for renal vein thrombosis focuses on preventing the blood clot from traveling to other parts of the body as well as stopping any new clot formations. Treatment includes anticoagulant medication and bedrest may be advised for a short period of time. In severe cases when kidney failure has occurred, dialysis may be necessary until full kidney function is restored.